L-Theanine
Nobre, A.C., Rao, A. and Owen, G.N., 2008. L-theanine, a natural constituent in tea, and its effect on mental state. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 17, pp.167–168.
Hidese, S., Ogawa, S., Ota, M., Ishida, I., Yasukawa, Z., Ozeki, M. and Kunugi, H., 2019. Effects of L-theanine administration on stress-related symptoms and cognitive functions in healthy adults: A randomized controlled trial. Nutrients, 11(10), p.2362.
Kimura, K., Ozeki, M., Juneja, L.R. and Ohira, H., 2007. L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responses. Biological Psychology, 74(1), pp.39–45.
Higashiyama, A., H., et al., 2011. Effects of L-theanine on attention and reaction time response. Journal of Functional Foods, 3(3), pp.171–178.
Lyon, M.R., Kapoor, M.P. and Juneja, L.R., 2011. The effects of L-theanine (Suntheanine®) on objective sleep quality in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Alternative Medicine Review, 16(4), pp.348–354.
Palatinose™ (Isomaltulose)
Kashimura, J., Nagai, Y. and Ebashi, T., 2003. The effect of Palatinose on mental concentration in humans. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 49(3), pp.214–216.
Yamamoto, N., Sakazaki, M., Nagai, Y., Shoji, M. and Kawashima, R., 2023. The effects of Palatinose on attention and cerebral blood flow in healthy adults: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study. Brain Research (online).
GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)
Abdou, A.M., Higashiguchi, S., Horie, K., Kim, M., Hatta, H. and Yokogoshi, H., 2006. Relaxation and immunity enhancement effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) administration in humans. BioFactors, 26(3), pp.201–208.
Yoto, A., Murao, S., Motoki, M., Yokoyama, Y., Horie, N., Takeshima, K., Masuda, K., Kim, M. and Yokogoshi, H., 2012. Oral intake of gamma-aminobutyric acid affects mood and activities of the central nervous system during stressed condition induced by mental tasks. Amino Acids, 43(3), pp.1331–1337.